This data set includes measures related to human, family, and financial capital used to compare self-employed immigrant women to their US-born women and immigrant male counterparts in the US. The data is a subset extracted from the IPUMS 2019 data.

Aim: We studied β diversity of grasses in a subtropical grassland over 60 years in South Africa. We examined the effects of burning and mowing on 132 large plots. We sought to determine the effects of burning and mowing, and mowing frequency, on the replacement of species and the species richness.

Location: Ukulinga, research farm of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
(29º 24’ E, 30º 24’ S).

Time period: 1950-2010.

Methods: Plots were burned annually, biennially, triennially, and a control (unburned). Plots were mowed in spring, in late summer, spring plus late summer, and a control (unmowed). We calculated β diversity, with a focus on replacement and richness differences. We also used distance-based redundancy analyses to examine the relative effects of replacement and richness differences on mowing and burning. We used beta regressions to test for the effect of soil depth and its interactions with mowing and burning.

Results: There was no significant change in grass beta diversity until 1995. Thereafter, there were changes in β diversity that demonstrated the primary effects of summer mowing frequency. There was no significant effect of richness differences, but a strong effect of replacement post-1995. There was a significant interaction between mowing frequency and soil depth in one of the analyses.

Main conclusions: Changes in grassland composition took a long time to manifest themselves and were unapparent prior to 1988. However, there was a change in sampling strategy prior to 1988, from point hits to nearest plants, that may also have influenced the rates of changes in replacement and richness differences. Using β-diversity indices, we found that mowing was more important than burning, that burning frequency was unimportant, and there was a significant interaction effect between mowing and soil depth in one of the analyses.

Associated data set from research project.

Published article- Dressler, Virginia, and Jodi Kearns. 2022. “Probing Archivists’ Perceptions and Practices in Privacy.” Archives and Records- The Journal of the Archives and Records Association https://doi.org/10.1080/23257962.2022.2073207

Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) are endemic to deciduous forests in the eastern United States. In successional forests, they must partition resources such as host trees to coexist. We measured tree size, emergence holes, oviposition scar bundles, and chorusing center abundances of Magicicada species on 12 common tree species in a deciduous forest to understand host-tree use. We predicted that the abundance of periodical cicadas and use of specific host-tree species would change depending on the Magicicada species and tree life stage. We considered the size of the tree (diameter at breast height) as a covariate to control for tree size and collected eggs for a greenhouse experiment to assess whether nymphs prefer to feed on Quercus rubra or Acer saccharum. More emergence holes were found below Quercus species than any other tree species. The abundance of periodical cicadas on host trees used for chorusing centers varied depending on the Magicicada species, but were most abundant on Quercus species. Oviposition scar bundles were also more frequent on Quercus. More nymphs were found on Quercus than Acer in the nymph preference study. Though periodical cicadas used Quercus hosts more than other tree species, their abundances in different host tree sizes and species differed significantly. Periodical cicada species may use specific host species and life stages as a way to partition resources and minimize competition among the Magicicada species during emergence years.

The ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) plays a critical role in the regulation of protein quality control through protein degradation. Dysregulation of the UPS has been implicated in several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. The UPS is composed of three critical enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), and ubiquitin ligases (E3). While E3 ligases are often found to be either overexpressed or lost in cancer, the pathophysiological significance of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes remains elusive.

Here, we identify the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2L3 as a sex- and tissue-specific gatekeeper of mammary tumor initiation. In human cohorts, reduced UBE2L3 expression selectively correlates with earlier male breast cancer (MBC) onset. In transgenic mice, Ube2l3 haploinsufficiency shortens mammary tumor latency exclusively in males. This accelerated tumor initiation is accompanied by local CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell depletion in pre-tumor tissues. Importantly, transcriptomic and histological analyses corroborate this male-specific T cell exclusion in human patients.

Research data for the article "Effects of post oak (Quercus stellata) and smooth brome (Bromus inermis) competition on water uptake and root partitioning of eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)," by S. Hamati, J. Medeiros, & D. Ward.