Open Access Kent State (OAKS)

When creating lesson plans for students in K-12 classrooms, a key focus among teachers is to help students create connections between content learned in the classroom and experiences students have had in their lifetimes. Education in the most prevailing countries in the world is continually adapting in order to utilize the most current research findings and technological advancements. As revolution continues in these classrooms, many developing countries have fallen behind. Specifically, in Haiti, many environmental concerns have been identified, and no one is more aware of these issues than its citizens. The major challenge is that schools are limited in their ability to prepare teachers, while resources to utilize modern pedagogies in an effective way are not feasible.

In a recent study in Ouanaminthe, Haiti, findings showed that although students, teachers, and administrators were very aware of the struggles of their country, they felt that there were limited options for resolutions. Additionally, many of these innovations involved finances which are not available. Interviews were conducted with Haitians of various backgrounds and beliefs. A consistent concern among participants was the lack of opportunity for satisfactory cultivation in problem solving, leadership, and career preparation.

Education was determined to be the root at which the most fundamental problems can be addressed. Youth development opportunities are being designed to prepare students to push Haiti towards development. In order to accomplish this, students must be engaged in the classroom, so teachers must be trained to ensure that project-based learning and inquiry practices are being implemented.

The following thesis will investigate the effects of rapid industrialization in my hometown, Pittsburgh, that took place in the 19th century, and in response this thesis will be centered around the philosophy of zero-waste. In its heyday, Pittsburgh was one of the centers of the American manufacturing boom. With an abundance of natural resources and an advantageous geographic location, the city was perfectly primed for rapid growth through industrialization. This surge in development improved the city’s economy, transportation, and living standards; however, these improvements were not without negative repercussions. Besides the adverse effects the manufacturing industries had on the environment, there are strong correlations between economic growth, overall living conditions, and wastefulness. These correlations can be observed in all instances of rapid industrialization and can be applied to the fashion industry, one of the fastest growing industries in modern society. As living standards improve and clothing consumption skyrockets, massive amounts of waste are created. Much like the industrialization of Pittsburgh, clothing production to meet increasing demands consumes more energy and creates even more pollution in every step of the process. It is no surprise textile waste is the second “dirtiest” industry in the world. To avoid repeating similar mistakes, this thesis will address the issues the fashion industry faces through a zero-waste design approach. By recounting the dark history of Pittsburgh through my designs, I hope to shed more light on the challenges the fashion industry faces as well as emphasize the sacrifice the city has made to tell this cautionary tale.

Hypothesis What are the personal, genetic, environmental, and other social factors that influence an individual’s engagement in NSSI?

Scholarly Methods: We conducted a literature search of articles from 2007 to 2017 from Pubmed, Medline, Psychinfo, Health Source, and CINHAL. Using the search terms “young adult” and “non-suicidal self-injury,” we found 209 articles. We excluded articles that included participants over the age of 35, studies taking place outside of the U.S., and those that did not fit our topic resulting in 43 articles. Using coding sheets, aspects such as ‘problem statements, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, measures and statistical results’ were analyzed.

Findings Three categories of factors leading to NSSI emerged; personal, genetic, environmental, and other social factors. Factors included psychiatric disorders and genetic predictors of NSSI behavior; and increased risk of NSSI related to impulsive personality of an individual. Environmental risk factors included history of abuse, peer victimization, and exposure to NSSI. Social risk factors included poverty, lack of social support, and strained parent/child relationships.

Conclusion This review indicated a need for health care providers to have knowledge of the risk factors of NSSI when assessing any patient in the clinical setting to allow for refer of NSSI patients to appropriate treatment. Additionally, the review demonstrated that continued nursing research should be conducted to determine current changes in factors of non-suicidal self-injury. Additional further research should be conducted to understand the triggers contributing to NSSI behavior.

As time moves forward, recent history begins to reveal itself to the newest generation of historians and academics. With this transition comes a contemporary lens through which recent history may be viewed and evaluated. But, in order to properly critique and evaluate said history, there must first exist an established canon of recent historical works that has been said to be worth evaluating.

This investigation will consider the written theories of various architects such as Lluís Doménech I Montener, Leopoldo Torres Balbás, Carlos Flores, Luis Lacasa, Fernando Chueca and philosophers such as Miguel Unamuno, Jose Ortega y Gasset, to determine which texts are the most relevant (or perhaps irrelevant) to the development of 20^th century architecture in Spain. Two international expositions of Spain will serve as the beginning and end of this investigation: the 1888 Universal Exposition of Barcelona, and the 1992 Olympic games in Barcelona. By forming standards of comparison, the texts within this timeframe written by the aforementioned authors may be seen not only as an assortment of texts about Spanish architecture, but rather as a living organism that evolves to form the basis of 20^th century Spanish architecture.

This investigation will use criterion such as the following to serve as the basis of analysis and comparison of texts: texts which Spanish architects themselves cited and read, texts that began to from a base of theory and critique of architecture, and texts that delve into more specific themes pertaining to the creation of architecture.

For my research based fashion collection, I was inspired by the positive impact that hip hop has made for black culture. Hip hop has made a strong influence on black culture in many ways by conscious rappers who use it. Like for example the song “Keep Your Head Up” by Tupac Shakur focuses on the fact that giving up shouldn’t be an option because there are brighter days to come. The messages in these songs promote empowerment, inspiration and positivity in the black community.

The collection is entitled “Uncensored” which consists of street/ sportswear garments that are heavily influenced by the hip hop aesthetic from the 90s on to the 2000s. The word “censored” is plastered on most of the CDs in the hip hop genre. I made a play on that and used the word “uncensored” to illustrate that the message will be seen and heard uncut and raw.

I expanded my collection from the research of the origins of hip hop to artist who consciously use this tool to promote positivity. I took inspiration from the silhouettes of the 90s era so my collection is contrast with oversizing and fitted garments. I also used vinyl adhesive strips along with laser cutting to develop my logo “UNCENSORED” that is on a couple of my garments.

The final collection consists of eight looks that have layering, laser cutting, with a nice mix of contrasting silhouettes with pulled inspiration from the nineties era.