Seven billion people living on the earth face a challenge of sustainability development. Construction sector, a huge source of carbon emission and energy consumption, should be handled responsively to the natural environment and human society. Sustainable construction material and intelligent design are required to achieve sustainable development. Bamboo is renewable, biodegradable, and available locally in many parts of the world. It grows fast and has a high strength to weight ratio. Bamboo has a great potential to be used as a sustainable construction material. The bamboo plywood fabricated through the process of crushing, hot-pressing, adhesive spreading and gluing, cold-pressing, and curing, has stable dimensions and it is hydrophobic, and resistant to fungi and bacteria attack. It can be bonded with thin-walled steel sheet by structural adhesive and strengthened by screws to form various composite structural members e.g. slabs, walls, columns, and beams. This study evaluates sustainability of these bamboo-steel composite structures. Lab testing has revealed excellent performances of the structural members. The case study performed in this study indicates the composite structures have lower cost, lower greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumptions than other traditional construction materials.