The nonlinear characteristics of a vertical dryer prototype under the synchronous excitation of vibration motors were analyzed. The vibration synchronization conditions of the two excitation motors of the vertical dryer were pursued. The analysis of motion characteristics of the material granules on the vertical dryer was conducted. The relationship between the structure parameters of the vertical dryer powered by two excitation motors and the motion characteristics of the material granules were discussed. Experimental results and discussion were used to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. This research demonstrated that the displacement of the material granules in the moving direction increased as the installment angle of the two excitation motors increased. This can improve the production efficiency; however, too large an installment angle destabilized the response of the dryer, no longer satisfying the design and use requirements. The research methods and conclusions presented in this paper can provide theoretical support and experimental basis for future development of a vibration dryer powered by two excitation motors.