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Reinforced Concrete Shell Roof Shaped using Computational Design
The project involves gaining an understanding of generative design, as opposed to passive design, to become more in tune with the technological future of intelligent design with architects’ design capacities augmented by artificial intelligence (A.I.). The study will apply a method called “graphical statics” to shape structures using force polygons, which are representations of magnitude and direction of a system of forces in equilibrium. A system of algorithms will be developed employing the same principles as graphical statics to shape reinforced concrete shells. Essential mathematics for computational design utilizing the program Grasshopper - an algorithmic modeling plugin for Rhino (a 3D modeling software) that uses a visual programming will be used to script codes that will respond to the force polygons that are required to support the shapes of the concrete shell roof forms.
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Steel vs Concrete: Structural Versatility, Sustainability & Capacity
Taking into account several existing structures and considering progressive collapse for blast conditions, designing it both effectively and economically is a top priority for a lot of Stakeholders, Engineers & Architects. The argument for Steel vs Concrete still raises a question, which holds better? And which offers more load carrying capacity, sustainability, and longevity particularly against loads such as seismic and wind loads. In most cases, one can argue that both can be used to deliver an effective structural carrying capacity. In recent research, Steel and concrete buildings have a rather symbiotic relationship with the viewpoint that Pre-engineered Steel buildings generally rely on the strength of a concrete slab or a stem wall foundation, resting on it to produce additional support and the capacity for durability- meaning one needs the other for additional provided support. In its entirety, it all comes down to the kind of design, what better suits our design as architects, meaning both can serve/work together efficiently. According to the book- Composite Steel and Concrete Structural Members And Its Fundamental Behavior, Oehlers and Bardford discussed the possibilities of creating a bond between the steel and concrete elements in which the composite action between the steel plates and concrete flexural members increases both the shear and flexural strength hence upgrading existing reinforced concrete structures. This research aims to expand on the comparison between steel versus concrete, and the possibility of optimal integration of the structural elements also looking into more specifically at reinforced concrete buildings versus pre-engineered steel building systems not limited to the versatility, availability, and durability of both. Thereby helping people understand the two in comparison and the possibilities for optimization.
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La Modernism
I will be traveling to Los Angeles to research the effects of a modern city on the existing historic culture. Los Angeles is all for creating new and inspirational architecture but I am curious to see how LA reacts to old existing buildings and how they go about maintaining them. I will specifically be visiting The Bradbury building and the late 19th-century neighborhood of Angelino Heights. Here are some of the most decorated victorian homes. Angelino Heights is L.A.’s very first designated Historic Preservation Overlay Zone (HPOZ), and the 1300 block of Carroll Avenue (within Angelino Heights) is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
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Hyperbolo-ICE
Hyperbolo-ICE is a free-standing ice shell that challenges the structural performance of ice. Ice is a material that performs best in compression; however, Hyperbolo-ICE pushes the structural qualities of ice to test if it is possible to create an ice shell from a tensioned formwork. The hyperbolic ice shell was designed and structurally optimized in a digital environment using Kiwi!3D, a plug in for Rhino and Grasshopper. Hyperbolo-ICE was successfully built in December 2019 in Harbin, China, during the 2019 HIT International Ice and Snow Innovation Design and Construction Competition. The construction process made use of flexible rope net formwork which was able to be fabricated in Kent and transported to the site in China to be deployed. After three points of the hexagon shaped rope net were raised to 5.5 m, the rope net was tensioned to create the hyperbolic shape. A custom, hand-fabricated muslin membrane was attached to the tensioned rope net. Over this membrane, a mixture of water and cellulose was sprayed. Once frozen, the support columns and rope nets were removed, resulting in a self-supporting structural ice shell.
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